Combined plumb and level.



No. 806,674. PATENTED DEC. 5, 1905.

V E. F. JONES.

COMBINED PLUMB AND LEVEL.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 5.1905.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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PATENTED DEC. 5, 1905.

B. P. JONES.

COMBINED PLUMB AND LEVEL.

APPLIOA'IION FILED AUG. 5. 1905.

3 SKBETS -SHEBT 2.

PATENTED DEC. 5', '1905.

E. F. JONES.

COMBINED PLUMB AND LEVEL.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 5.1905.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

nuewboc Mensa UNITED STATES PATENT onnion.

EDWARD FRANK JONES, OF BATON ROUGE, LOUISIANA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JOHN G. WILSON, OF BATON ROUGE, LOUISIANA.

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that], EDWARD FRANK JONES, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Baton Rouge,in the parish of East Baton Rouge and State of Louisiana, have invented new and useful Improvements in a Combined Plumb and Level, of which thefollowing is a specification. o

This invention relates to a combined plumb and level, the invention having for its object to provide a combination instrument of the pendulum type whereby the exact inclination of a surface may be readily determined in degrees and the horizontality or perpendicularity of a structure or piece of work or its degree of deflection therefrom ascertained in a simple and convenient manner. Another object is to provide a device of this character which is comparatively simple of construction and inexpensive of production.

The preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a view in front elevation of the instrument. Fig. 2 is a face view of the plumb. Fig. 3 is a transverse section thereof on line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a central vertical section through the body portion of the plumb-casing. Fig. 5 is an inner 'face View of the removable side of said casing. Fig. 6 is a side view of one of the scale-rims. Fig. 7 isasection thereof on line7 7 of Fig. 6. Figs. 8 and 9 are side and edge views of the plumbindicator. Fig. 10 is a side elevation of the level. Fig. 11 is a longitudinal section of the same. Fig. 12 is a side view of the frame or casing of the plumb with the detachable side removed. Fig. 13 is an inner face View of the'detachable side thereof. Figs. 14 and 15 are cross-sections on the lines 14 14 and 15 15 of Figs. 12 and 13. Fig. 16 is a detail View of one of the distance-blocks, and Fig. 17 is a side view of the level-indicator.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, the numeral 1 designates the body or stock of the instrument, provided adjacent its upper end with a plumb 2 and along one of its side edges with graduations 3. Pivoted to the lower end of said body or stock is a leveling-blade 4, provided along one of its edges with graduations 5. The blade 4 is mounted at one end upon a pivotscrew 6, carried by the stock, and engaging said screw is a thumb-nut 7, by which the blade may be Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed August 5, 1905- Serial No. 7 ,867-

Patented Dec. 5, 1905.

fixed to the stock in adjusted position. The lower edge of the blade is adapted to aline with the lower edge of the stock when arranged at right angles thereto, as shown in Fig. 1, and to serve as a support therefor in determining the horizontality or perpendicularity of a structure'or piece of work. upper edge of the blade is formed with a longitudinal slot 8 parallel with the line of graduations 5 and in which is slidably mounted a pin 9, pivotally and slidably connecting the lower end of a gage strip or arm 10' with the blade, the upper end of the said strip being connected by a pivot-pin 11 with the stock. The strip 10 is provided upon its outer face with a line of graduations, as shown, to coact with the graduations 3 and 5 of the stock and blade to enable the angular relation of these elements to be readily and conveniently determined. The blade 4 may be set at any desired angle to the stock 1 by swinging it on the pin 6 and clamped in adjusted position by the nut 7.

The plumb'2 comprises a casing formed of an annular rim 12, having a stationary back plate 13, preferably formed integral therewith, the upper half of said back plate being cut away to form an observation-opening 14 and a retaining-flange 15. The opposite or front edge of the rim 12 is recessed, as shown at 16, to receive a face-plate 17, detachably secured therein by pins or other suitable fastenings 18. The upper portion of the said face-plate is cut away to form an observationopening 19,- corresponding in shape and area with the opening 14 in the plate 13, so that the interior of the upper portion of the casing may be viewed from either side of the easing. The opening 19 is bounded by a rim 20 and a base-wall formed by the upper edge of the lower solid portion of the said plate 17. Each opening 14 and 19 is closed by a glass panel, the panel 21 closing the opening 14 being of semicircular form and resting at its lower edge upon supporting pins or lugs 22, carried by the back plate 13 and bearing above the same against the rim-flange 15. The glass panel 23, closing the opening 19, bears against the rim edge 20 of the face-plate 17 and rests at its base upon similar supporting lugs or pins 22*, carried by said face-plate. Arranged within the casing behind the glass panels 21 and 23 are stationary indicators 24 and 25, each comprising a bottom or'cross strip 26,

The

having an arched portion 27 and a semicircular or are shaped scale-plate 28, bearing a graduated scale 29, one hundred and eighty degrees of the circle being represented thereby. The horizontal upper edges of, the back and face plates 13 and 17 are recessed to receive the lower edges of the base-strips 26 of said stationary indicators, and the latter are retained in position by pins or other suitable fastenings 30 extending through the rim 12 into the rim of the graduated are 28.

The arched portions 27 of the indicating members rest upon semicircular bosses 31,

formed upon the plates 13 and 17, into which bosses enters a pivot-pin 32, supporting a bearing-sleeve 33, on which the hub portion 34 of a swinging pendulum hand or pointer 35 is mounted, said hand being provided with an indicating-terminal 36, adapted to register with the graduations 29 on the two scale-plates 28 and carrying a Weighted end 37 for maintaining it by gravity normally in a perpendicular position. The terminal 36 is visible through both glass panels 21 and 23, so that the position of the body or stock 1 may be readily determined from either side of the instrument. The plumb-casing fits within an opening formed in the stock, and the back and face plates 13 and 17 are formed with ears 38 for the passage of screws or other suitable fastenings to secure the casing to the stock. If desired, bearing-balls 39 may be interposed between sleeve 33 and lugs 31 to adapt said sleeve and pendulum to have free swinging movement. The operation of this part of the instrument will be readily understood, it being apparent that the pointer of the pendulum will indicate whenvthe stock is in a true perpendicular position and Will also indicate when it is out of such position the exact amount of deflection in degrees by the scale 29.

The frame or casing of the plumb may vary in construction from that shown and described; but the specific construction disclosed is preferred.

Fitted in an opening in the blade 4 is a level 2, the casing of which is of oblong rectangular form, but with this exception corresponds substantially in construction with the casing of the plumb, the back and face plates of the level-casing being, however, provided each with a pair of observation-openings 40, closed by independent glass panels 41. In Figs. 10 to 17, inclusive, I have shown the construction of the level in detail, and therein those parts which correspond with parts of the plumb shown in detail in Figs. 1 to 9, inclusive, are designated by the same reference characters, the characters denoting the parts of the level being, however, primed. The panels 41 are retained in position by distance or space blocks 42, secured to the frame-rim by screws or like fastenings 43. The exposed faces of these blocks may be formed with scale-graduations 28, or the ends of the members of the casing may be provided With quadrants carrying such scale-graduations. The pendulum in this case is mounted upon the casing in the same manner as the plumbpendulum, but is provided with a pair of oppositely-projecting indicator-arms 44, provided at the free ends thereof with indicatingterminals 45 to register with the said scalegraduations. The construction and mode of operation of this level will be readily understood by reference to the drawings and the foregoing description of the construction of the plumb, and it will be readily seen that when the instrument is used as a level the horizontality of the object or structure will be indicated by the terminals of the hands 44 registering with the intermediate or central scale-marks of the scales 28, while if the object is out of true horizontal line the exact amount of deflection Will be indicated in degrees by the terminals of the hand pointing to the graduations of the scale above and below the central or intermediate scale-marks. The invention thus provides an instrument which is comparatively simple of construction and will permit of the horizontality or perpendicularity of an object or structure being ascertained or the amount of deflection therefrom accurately and conveniently determined.

The blade 4 may fold Within or parallel with the stock to adapt the device when not in use tobe conveniently stored in a toolchest or carried in the pocket.

Having thus described the invention, What I claim is- 1. In an instrument of the character described, an indicating device comprisingacasing consisting of a body having a fixed side and a removable side, said sides being provided with observation-openings, glass panels closing said openings, stationary indicating members carried by the casing and retaining said panels in position, and a movable indicating member in the casing adapted to be viewed through said panels and cooperate with said stationary indicating members.

2. In an instrument of the character described, an indicator comprising a casing composed of a body or rim havinga stationary side and a removable side, said sides being provided with bearing bosses and retainingflanges and having observation openings formed therein, glass panels closing said observationprovided with supporting-bosses and retaincorresponding in form to the opening and supported by said lugs or pro ections and restlng against said flanges, stationary lndlcating members provided with graduated arcs and secured in the casing and holding the panels against the flanges, a pivot-pin supported by the bosses, and a pendulum mounted upon the pivot-pin.

In testimony whereof I aflEiX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

EDWARD FRANK JONES. Witnesses:

T. E. MOHUGH, H. F. BRUNOT. 

